http://http://repository.ush.edu.sd:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1 Thu, 23 Apr 2026 13:14:37 GMT 2026-04-23T13:14:37Z http://http://repository.ush.edu.sd:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1075 تاريخ التعليم الثانوي األكاديمي-دراسة حالة محليتي شندي والمتمة-والية نهر النيل-السودان (3691م-9136م) دراسة تاريخية توثيقية عوض الكريم على احمد, حسن; محمد عثمان عبدالرحمن, ناصر تتناول هذه الورقة تاريخ التعليم الثانوي األكاديمي بمحليتي شندي والمتمة، في الفترة ما بين العامين )3691م-9136م(. وتهدف للتوثيق والبحث في نشأة وتطور التعليم الثانوي فيهما. بنيت الورقة على المنهج التاريخي اسة الحالة ومنهج در ، واعتمدت في وسائلها على مجموعة من اجع ذات الصلة، المصادر والمر وتسعى لتحليل العوامل المؤثرة في انتشار التعليم الثانوي بالمحليتين، في ظل األنظمة السياسية المتعاقبة التي حكمت البالد، من خالل ثالثة محاور تناقش نشأة وتوسع التعليم الثانوي، والسياسات الحكومية و اكة الشر بين الدولة والمجتمع في مجال التعليم. انتهت الورقة إلى جملة من النتائج، كان أهمها أن اكة الشر بين الدولة والمجتمع، ساهمت وبقدر كبير في انتشار التعليم الثانوي العالي في المنطقة. أوصت الورقة بصياغة سياسة تعليمية للمحليتين، تأخذ في االعتبار التوزيع السكاني، والكثافة، والحاجة الفعلية، لضمان عدالة توزيع المدارس الثانوية، وتقليص الفجوة التعليمية بين األرياف والمدن. كلمات مفتاحية: التعليم الثانوي، محلية المتمة، محلية شندي، المدارس الثانوية العليا. التوسع التعليمي Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://http://repository.ush.edu.sd:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1075 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://http://repository.ush.edu.sd:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1074 تاريخ الأندية بمدينة شندي 1930-1969 عوض الكريم على احمد, حسن; بابكر محمد أحمد علوب, هاشم; حسن عوض الكريم على, حسن عوض الكريم على Sat, 25 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://http://repository.ush.edu.sd:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1074 2025-01-25T00:00:00Z http://http://repository.ush.edu.sd:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1034 Investigating The Radiological Patterns Of COVID-19 Among Adult Sudanese Patients In Resources- Limited Settings Motwakil Imam Awadelkareim Imam Background: COVID-19 viral infection is one of the respiratory infections that make the lives of patients miserable, decreasing the quality of their life and causing a fatal disease, especially in elderly age groups, chronic diseases, co-morbidity patients, and those with immunodeficiency health states. The disease can be diagnosed clinically since symptoms, signs, and examinations are insufficient. A chest X-ray, CT, and imaging techniques must be done for all suspicious cases in all age groups in addition, it is a very infectious disease and spreads fast. Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of radiological procedures in diagnosing COVID-19. Identify various radiological patterns of COVID- 19 and determine the incidence rate of these radiological patterns of COVID-19. Compare the radiological findings between CT and CXR. And to identify which lung involved more and which part involved less. Methods: This study was conducted from April 2021 to January 2023, taking 21 months to be accomplished. 160 patients participated in this study from centers in the el-Khartoum capital of Sudan and the Nile state. Results: Both CT and chest X-ray are significant for diagnosing COVID-19. Males are more commonly presented than females. The commonest presenting age in both sexes is between 65 and 85 years. A chest x-ray presents with bilateral lower zonal consolidation in both sexes commonly. The right side lung in chest X-ray is mostly involved in both sexes. CT's chest presented with ground glass opacities in both sexes. There is associated lymph adenopathy and pleural effusion in males, commonly in CT chest. Bilateral lower lung lobes in CT chest are mostly involved in both sexes. Conclusion: radiological imaging, particularly CT scans, proved to be a critical tool in diagnosing and assessing the severity of COVID19 in Sudanese population. The study also highlighted a strong correlation between extensive radiological finding and severe clinical presentations, emphasizing the prognostic value of imaging in resources-limiting like Sudan. Keywords: Radiological Patterns, COVID-19, Shendi –Sudan Background: COVID-19 viral infection is one of the respiratory infections that make the lives of patients miserable, decreasing the quality of their life and causing a fatal disease, especially in elderly age groups, chronic diseases, co-morbidity patients, and those with immunodeficiency health states. The disease can be diagnosed clinically since symptoms, signs, and examinations are insufficient. A chest X-ray, CT, and imaging techniques must be done for all suspicious cases in all age groups in addition, it is a very infectious disease and spreads fast. Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of radiological procedures in diagnosing COVID-19. Identify various radiological patterns of COVID- 19 and determine the incidence rate of these radiological patterns of COVID-19. Compare the radiological findings between CT and CXR. And to identify which lung involved more and which part involved less. Methods: This study was conducted from April 2021 to January 2023, taking 21 months to be accomplished. 160 patients participated in this study from centers in the el-Khartoum capital of Sudan and the Nile state. Results: Both CT and chest X-ray are significant for diagnosing COVID-19. Males are more commonly presented than females. The commonest presenting age in both sexes is between 65 and 85 years. A chest x-ray presents with bilateral lower zonal consolidation in both sexes commonly. The right side lung in chest X-ray is mostly involved in both sexes. CT's chest presented with ground glass opacities in both sexes. There is associated lymph adenopathy and pleural effusion in males, commonly in CT chest. Bilateral lower lung lobes in CT chest are mostly involved in both sexes. Conclusion: radiological imaging, particularly CT scans, proved to be a critical tool in diagnosing and assessing the severity of COVID19 in Sudanese population. The study also highlighted a strong correlation between extensive radiological finding and severe clinical presentations, emphasizing the prognostic value of imaging in resources-limiting like Sudan. Keywords: Radiological Patterns, COVID-19, Shendi –Sudan Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://http://repository.ush.edu.sd:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1034 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://http://repository.ush.edu.sd:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1033 Acute Fibrinous and Organizing Pneumonia with Excellent Response to Steroid Therapy Motwakil Imam Awadelkareim Imam Abstract: Acute Fibrinous and Organizing Pneumonia (AFOP) is a diffuse infiltrative pulmonary disease characterized by the presence of intra alveolar fibrin and organized pneumonia. It’s a rare and relatively unknown "entity" with only a few cases described. Herein, we describe the association of acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia with excellent response to steroid therapy. We suggest that, such an association has been very rarely reported. A32 year's old Sudanese female was presented to us in ELmek Nimer university hospital complaining of fever, cough and shortness of breath for 10 days and received a full course of antibiotics without any improvement, her condition deteriorated. The initial chest radiography showed well defined inhomogeneous pacification in the upper lobe of the left lung with no air bronchogram, Computed Tomography of the chest showed a rather well defined Lt Upper lobe mass lesion closely related to the arch of the aorta. Ultrasound guided biopsy of the lung showed a histological diagnosis of acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia. After establishing the diagnosis of fibrinous pneumonia the patient received oral steroid (prednisone 1mg/kg) for 10 days then tapering. The patient showed rapid improvement and excellent response and discharged in good condition. Chest radiography after one month showed complete resolution of the radiological finding in her previous imaging. We recommend that AFOP should be considered in the differentials of a suspected pulmonary infection unresponsive to optimal antibiotic "therapy". AFOP may present as pulmonary mass on chest X-ray and diagnosed made with biopsy and histological examination. We conclude that AFOP may be treated with "steroids" therapy. Keywords: Acute Fibrinous and Organizing Pneumonia, Chest X-Ray, And Steroid Abstract: Acute Fibrinous and Organizing Pneumonia (AFOP) is a diffuse infiltrative pulmonary disease characterized by the presence of intra alveolar fibrin and organized pneumonia. It’s a rare and relatively unknown "entity" with only a few cases described. Herein, we describe the association of acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia with excellent response to steroid therapy. We suggest that, such an association has been very rarely reported. A32 year's old Sudanese female was presented to us in ELmek Nimer university hospital complaining of fever, cough and shortness of breath for 10 days and received a full course of antibiotics without any improvement, her condition deteriorated. The initial chest radiography showed well defined inhomogeneous pacification in the upper lobe of the left lung with no air bronchogram, Computed Tomography of the chest showed a rather well defined Lt Upper lobe mass lesion closely related to the arch of the aorta. Ultrasound guided biopsy of the lung showed a histological diagnosis of acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia. After establishing the diagnosis of fibrinous pneumonia the patient received oral steroid (prednisone 1mg/kg) for 10 days then tapering. The patient showed rapid improvement and excellent response and discharged in good condition. Chest radiography after one month showed complete resolution of the radiological finding in her previous imaging. We recommend that AFOP should be considered in the differentials of a suspected pulmonary infection unresponsive to optimal antibiotic "therapy". AFOP may present as pulmonary mass on chest X-ray and diagnosed made with biopsy and histological examination. We conclude that AFOP may be treated with "steroids" therapy. Keywords: Acute Fibrinous and Organizing Pneumonia, Chest X-Ray, And Steroid Thu, 01 Sep 2022 00:00:00 GMT http://http://repository.ush.edu.sd:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1033 2022-09-01T00:00:00Z