RED BLOOD CELLS ALLOIMMUNIZATION AMONG MULTITRANSFUSED PATIENTS IN ALMAK NIMER UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL

Abstract

Alloimmunization consist of the induction of immunity in response to foreign antigens encountered through exposure to cells or tissues from a generally different member of the same species. It is one of the major complications of regular blood transfusions, particularly in patients who are chronically transfused.[1] In order for blood components to be safely issued and transfused to recipients, a series of laboratory tests are performed to ensure immunological compatibility, involves typing patient RBCs, screening patient sera for the presence of unexpected RBC-reactive antibodies, and cross matching as a final check to verify compatibility between donor RBCs and patient sera.[2] Methods: This descriptive analytical prospective cross sectional study was conducted in Almak Nimer University Hospital, and aimed to detect the presence of irregular antibody Multitransfused Patients. The patient's serum was tested for the presence of clinically significant antibodies using an indirect antiglobulin method. The serum was tested against un pooled Group O cells selected to possess the relevant blood group antigens. Results: The results revealed that the frequency of RBCs alloimmunization was detected in (5) patients which represented (7.7%). (40%) of them suffered from cancer, while (40%) on dialysis due to renal failure, and remaining (20%) was anaemic patients Conclusion: Red blood cells alloimmunization in multitransfused patient was (7.7%), most of was male more than female, and red blood cells immunization was seen in patients with cancer and renal failure more than those with anemia.